Anneke van Baalen, HIDDEN MASCULINITY, Max Weber's historical sociology of bureaucracy 
Amsterdam 1994. CONTENTS 
Contents 
 
Abbreviations  
 
Introduction: the search for explanation of the phenomenon of the 
underrepresentation of women in positions of command in modern bureaucracies - 1  
 
1. The feminist claim to equality with men versus the exclusion of women  from the 
brotherhood of equal men; the struggle with universalist concepts and the conceptual 
separation of public and private life - 1 
2. Two options to connect sex-defined to sex-neutral concepts - 3 
3. Bureaucracy and masculine domination in Max Weber's Economy and Society - 6 
 
Ch. 1. Max Weber's universalist sociology of bureaucracy: the contradiction between 
public rationalism and private masculinism - 9 
 
1. Separation of public and private life as a characteristic of Weber's ideal type of 
bureaucracy - 9 
2. Sociology as rational social science: the separation of facts and values and the creation of 
the abstract individual as consequences of the separation of public and private life - 12 
3. Adequate causation and chance - 15 
4. Weber's rational construction of ideal types and its limits - 17 
5. From the understanding of 'action orientations' to the construction of ideal types of 
legitimate domination - 19 
6. Ideal types of developments; the problem of causality in an irrational world; Weber's law of 
unintended consequences; 'paradoxical causation' - 23 
7. The contrast between formal and material rationality - 25 
8. The origins of rational bureaucracy in Europe: Weber's unfinished analysis - 29 
9. Resistances to rationalization: the modern family - 30 
10. Conclusion: the irrationality of formal rationality - 33 
 
Ch. 2. The Webers' private, sex-defined values - 34 
 
1. Weber's separation of science and politics versus Weber-Schnitger's 
value-bound science - 34 
2. Introduction to Weber's political texts Parliament and Government and Politics as a 
Vocation - 36  
3. Nationalism and militarism; politics as independent leadership: as a fight for power in the 
state, which is defined by its monopoly of physical violence - 37 
4. Leadership and entrepreneurship; Beamtenherrschaft as anti-political force - 39 
5. Parliamentary democracy; the superiority of the leadership in England and America - 40 
6. Masculinism and the manly virtues - 42 
7. The discussion on the 'matriarchy' - 44 
8. Weber-Schnitger's Ehefrau und Mutter in der Rechtsentwicklung - 47 
 
Ch. 3. Private versus public sphere: the origins of household and kin group - 53 
 
1. Weber's shift from 'traditional social order' to 'traditional domination' and from there to 
'patriarchal domination' - 53 
2. Weber on matriarchy - 54 
3. The household and its masculine authority - 57 
4. Kinship as a public formation; the establishment by status contract of sister-trading 
fraternizations - 59